Which amendment protects citizens from self-incrimination?

The Fifth Amendment is the correct answer because it explicitly includes the protection against self-incrimination. This principle allows an individual to refuse to answer questions or provide information that could be used against them in a criminal case. The famous phrase "plead the Fifth" comes from this amendment, indicating a person's right to avoid self-incrimination during legal proceedings.

The Fifth Amendment also encompasses other important rights, such as the right to due process and protection against double jeopardy, but the specific clause regarding self-incrimination has a significant impact on criminal law and the rights of defendants. This provision is crucial for ensuring that individuals cannot be forced to testify against themselves, thereby supporting the broader goal of a fair legal system.